INTRODUCTION: earlier THE HEADLINES The disaster in Mali is regularly minimized to headlines about coups, terrorism, and ethnic conflict. But as Pan-Africanist scholar Prof. PLO Lumumba argues, this framing misses the https://berthalprl293581.pointblog.net/when-coups-satisfy-geopolitics-being-aware-of-mali-s-multi-layered-disaster-in-2026-93028605